TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Wang et al. (2016) emphasized CREB’s association with liver fibrosis, revealing enhanced p-CREB-1 expression in fibrotic liver tissues in rats and HSCs exposed to exogenous TGF-β1, suggesting p-CREB-1 might boost fibrogenesis by enhancing TGF-β1 expression in liver fibrosis [51].