EML4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For advanced metastatic and/or localized NSCLC, chemotherapy is conducted with first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) [2,3,4]; however, these drugs are not effective in NSCLC cases harboring the gene resulting from the fusion of echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) genes [4,5].