TNF and infection: Other scholars have suggested that high-intensity exercise can reduce body weight, adipocytokine production, and the level of C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, leptin, and resistin [111], increase neutrophil migration to CXCL-8 and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, and lipocalin [130], improve oxidative stress, improve the ratio of bacteroidetes-to-firmicutes, glycemic control and insulin sensitivity to regulate the immune response, and improve the homeostasis of the internal environment [112,127], thus reducing the risk of infection and diabetes [111].