TNF and diabetes mellitus: In addition, the inflammation markers, including serum ferritin and C-reactive protein, largely increased in diabetes patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, which could be deduced from the fact that diabetic patients infected with COVID-19 had greater levels of serum ferritin (1255.0 vs. 372.8 μg/L), C-reactive protein (57.9 vs. 17.3 mg/L), IL-2 (808.0 vs. 565.0 U/mL), IL-6 (29.6 vs. 12.7 pg/mL), IL-8 (21.0 vs. 12.1 pg/mL), IL-10 (21.0 vs. 5.0 pg/mL), and TNF-α (11.0 vs. 8.4 pg/mL) than non-diabetic patients infected with COVID-19 [99].