IL4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Several scholars reported that decreased levels of CD8+ T cells (nondiabetic: 328 n/μL, type 2 diabetes: 203 n/μL) and increased proportions of inflammatory cytokines (the levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in nondiabetic were 3.64, 5.27, 4.50, 3.83, 3.59 pg/mL, respectively, while the levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in type 2 diabetes were 3.67, 12.10, 5.05, 6.43, and 8.83 pg/mL, respectively) were measured in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [51,55].