Concerning NT-proBNP, an analysis of SPIROMICS, assessing 1051 participants with stable COPD and a mean NT-proBNP level of 608.9 pg/mL, showed that baseline NT-proBNP was associated with an increased risk of incident exacerbations, irrespective of coexistent CVD [15]. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.