TIMP1 and heart failure: A study by Fouda M. et al., which evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of fibronectin, TIMP-1 and CK-MB in heart failure, showed that fibronectin was the most significant biomarker in differentiating HF patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.850) (p < 0.001), followed by TIMP-1 (AUC = 0.74) and CK MB (AUC = 0.660).