The risk factors currently identified for DR are current age, the duration of DM since diagnosis, the treatment undergone for DM (especially in patients treated with insulin), the control of glycemia as measured by the HbA1c levels, associated arterial hypertension, the state of renal function as measured by studying glomerular filtration using the eGFR formula, and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) [4,5,6,7]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.