Additionally, we found 6 proteins differentially expressed between CTRL and both infertile groups (ID and UMI), all downregulated in the infertile groups compared to CTRL: mitochondrial citrate synthase (CISY), Dynein axonemal intermediate chain 1(DNAI1), EF-hand calcium-binding domain-containing protein 6 (EFCB6), Golgi-associated RAB2 interactor protein 3 (GAR3), Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 37B (LR37B) and Sperm equatorial segment protein 1 (SPESP). This evidence concerns the gene SPESP1 and Infertility.