In the presence of inflammation or oxidative stress, signalling pathways lead to the degradation of these proteins and NFκB translocates to the nucleus and activates several genes, including IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta) and TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor alpha), cytokines involved in the immune response to infection, injury and inflammation, which can also activate NFκB themselves [11]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is infection.