TARDBP and frontotemporal dementia: In addition, GCIs are found in the white matter and subcortical regions such as the striatum, thalamus, and substantia nigra. At the clinical level, the cases affected by this type of TDP-43 pathology generally present with behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) or β-amyloid protein experimental model (APPnfv).