The production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by neutrophils can promote coagulation and thrombosis, and high levels of the NET-specific marker circulating citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) have been associated with the development of atrial fibrillation and all-cause mortality in acute stroke patients.In addition to neutrophils, CD8 + T cells and NK cells are recruited within 24 h of a stroke, mediating the ensuing inflammatory response [48, 49]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is atrial fibrillation.