ALB and malnutrition: A variety of methods used for diagnosing malnutrition have been proposed in the literature, including the use of serologic laboratory values (albumin < 3.5 g/dL, total lymphocyte count < 1500 cells/mm3, transferrin < 200 mg/dL, Zinc < 95 ug/dL), anthropometric measurements (calf muscle circumferences < 31 cm, arm muscle circumference < 22 mm, and the presence of triceps skin fold), and standardized nutrition score tools (Rainey–MacDonald nutritional index, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, and the Schwarzkopf nutritional index) [15].