Dependent variables included weight, body fat (BIA), VAT (DXA), MetS (BMI and WC), fasting glucose, 2 h glucose after oGTT, HbA1c, indices of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, MATSUDA) and insulin secretion (ISSI-2, AUCins/glu and HOMA-B) measured during pregnancy and in the postpartum. Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.