TNF and hypertensive disorder: The results of evaluating the association between serum vitamin D metabolites concentration and the levels of cytokine/chemokine in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders showed a positive correlation between 25(OH)D and TNF-α (r = 0.34, p = 0.010), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) (r = 0.35, p = 0.008) and MIP-1β (r = 0.27, p = 0.034) and also, a positive correlation between 1,25(OH)2D and IL-9 (r = 0.26, p = 0.047), IL-17 (r = 0.26, p = 0.045), INF-γ (r = 0.27, p = 0.039), and MIP-1β (r = 0.33, p = 0.010) [27].