TNF and retinal ischemia: Ulbrich et al. were able to corroborate these results: treatment with ALF-186 (10 mg/kg) abated histological damage, increased the expression of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) ß1, reduced the expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB, modulated the heat-shock response and alleviated neuroinflammation, affirmed by the diminished local and systemic expression of pro-inflammatory markers TNF-α and Interleukin-6, after retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats (Figure 2) [87].