Moreover, the Lp(a) levels should be measured in persons with (a) a personal or family history of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (<60 years of age), (b) first-degree relatives with raised serum Lp(a) levels (>200 nmol/L), (c) familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), or other genetic dyslipidemias, (d) calcific aortic valve stenosis, (e) a borderline increased (but <15%) 10-year risk of a cardiovascular event [16]. Here, LPA is linked to familial hypercholesterolemia.