Most of the immune related pathways enriched in the COVID-19 positive individuals were driven by upregulation of NFKBIA, FOS, JUN, JUNB, TNFAIP3, ZFP36, DUSP1, and PPBP. These genes were present among the prominent pathways, including cytokine, chemokine, interleukin, inflammatory response, and apoptosis (Figures 4A,B). Here, PPBP is linked to COVID-19.