Differences in immunotherapy target expression between CS groups in HCC were analyzed, these immunotherapy targets expressed lower in high CS group compared with the low CS group, such as PD1 (p < .001), PDL1 (p = .0037), CTLA‐4 (p < .001), KIT (p < .001); while the VEGF (p < .001), VEGFR (p = .0013), PDGFR (p = .043), HGFR (p = .027) and RAF (p < .001) (Figure 6E,F and S7A–H). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and hepatocellular carcinoma.