PTPN2 and inflammatory bowel disease: In summary, these previous studies show that Atg16L1 plays a critical role in controlling intestinal epithelial homeostasis and inflammatory immune responses Other Except autophagy-related genes (such as Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), and Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) also have been shown to contribute to IBD, but, in contrast to the case with ATG16L1, the precise mechanism for the role of these other genes remain unknown14.