APC and inflammatory bowel disease: Alternatively, APC mutations, which are observed in 81% of sporadic microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC cases by TCGA analyses, are detected in only 11.1% [42], 13% [41], or 22% [40] of CACs in independent cohort studies; they are present in IBD dysplasia as well at similarly low levels (~31% in a low powered study) (Table 1) [8].