Histone H3 lysine methylation is a critical component in regulating gene expression, epigenetic states, and cellular identities and is interpreted by conserved modules including plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers of which PHD containing proteins have been deregulated in many types of cancers (43) including PHF23 which forms fusion oncoprotein with NUP98, which is associated with an aggressive form of AML (44). The gene discussed is PHF23; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.