(117) reported that activation of the AMPK pathway mediates autophagy in CAC, but the role of autophagy in CAC is still controversial, on the one hand, it is believed that autophagy is a mechanism of tumor suppression, and on the other hand, it exists that autophagy facilitates tumor cells in a hypoxic, nutrient-poor environment. This evidence concerns the gene PRKAA1 and neoplasm.