VEGFA and pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm: VEGFA was previously described as a potential biomarker for benign pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm, which could help differentiate them from other types of lesions that can evolve into PDAC, like intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms [121].