FGF2 and cancer: Collectively, these findings suggest that cancer cells and patients with basal high protein expression levels of FGFR1 with FGF2 or FGF9; FGFR2 with FGF2, FGF7, or FGF9; FGFR3 with FGF2 may show a weak response to targeted therapy due to the activation of survival signaling from FGFR kinase, and the addition of FGFR-TKIs could overcome cell survival against targeted therapy in such FGFR- and FGF-positive cases at baseline.