Studies on gene mutations in children with hyperthyroidism have also mainly focused on single genes, including TSHR gene mutation analysis in children with hyperthyroidism (26, 27) and its relationship with congenital non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism in newborns (28), as well as functional gain-of-function mutations in the TSHR gene leading to increased function and thyroid growth (29). This evidence concerns the gene TSHR and Graves disease.