AKT1 and Insulin resistance: Other associations between oxidative stress and insulin resistance include reduced insulin‐caused relocation of IRS‐1 and phosphatidylinositol (PIP) kinase between microsomes and cytoplasm, decreased protein kinase B (PKB) phosphorylation, serine phosphorylation at the serine 307 of IRS‐1, and lowered GLUT‐4 expression [14, 15].