In addition, the synergistic curative effects of DOX@3D-MPs+anti-PD-1 was further validated by more malignant orthotopic 4T1 breast tumor (Fig. 7d, e) and orthotopic Panc02 pancreatic tumor models (Fig. 7f–i and Supplementary Fig. 28). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and breast neoplasm.