Consistently, H22 cells subjected to DOX@3D-MPsHSP70-KO suffered similar level of ICD to that evoked by DOX@3D-MPs and DOX@3D-MPsEV, as evidenced by similar CRT exposure (Fig. 5d), HMGB1 release (Fig. 5e) and ATP secretion (Fig. 5f) in these treated groups, suggesting that HSP70 did not significantly affect DOX@3D-MPs-induced cytotoxicity and ICD effects in tumor cells. Here, CALR is linked to neoplasm.