NEFL and Alzheimer disease: In a community-based cohort with a 17-year follow-up assessment, a combination of plasma p-tau181, NfL, and glial fibrillary acidic protein achieved an AUC of 0.794 and 0.791 in the first 6 and 9 years, respectively, in predicting AD diagnosis; however, the AUC decreased to 0.712 between 9 and 17 years of follow-up21.