In addition, theNPs reprogrammed M2 macrophages by silencing CSF-1R mRNA expression;in turn, the reprogrammed TAMs remodeled the TME, reactivating theinfiltration of CD4+/CD8+ T cells while decreasingthe Tregs level, culminating in PCa cells apoptosis in a PCa bearingmouse model. Here, CSF1R is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.