PMPs promote the binding of anti-PD-L1 to CTCs, block PD-L1 on tumors and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and inhibit metastasis [92, 93]. In mice with TNBC and primary melanoma, this approach effectively released aPDL-1 during platelet activation, reducing the risk of cancer recurrence and prolonging mice survival. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and cancer.