Furthermore, human umbilical cord MSC-EVs revealed their inhibitory effect on HF caused by Schistosoma japonicum via the downregulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, and collagen III as well as inflammatory events including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-β1 (Dong et al. 2020). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is hydrops fetalis.