The limitations of this study are: Chinese patients are mostly sporadic cases, these included patients need longer follow-up, and whether AGXT exons 1, 2, 6, and 8 are associated with poor prognosis still needs to be further verified with larger samples; For the genotype and phenotype of PH1 patients, the heterogeneity between them needs to be further explored at the molecular level. Here, AGXT is linked to primary hyperoxaluria type 1.