In contrast to nontargeting shRNA (shSCR) controls, silencing of XIAP in high XIAP-expressing neuroblastoma cell lines BE(2)-C and KELLY significantly induced apoptosis, indicated by increased cleavage of PARP and caspase-3 via Western blot analysis, and significant increase in apoptotic cells quantified via flow cytometric analysis (Fig. 1C and D). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is neuroblastoma.