CD8A and COVID-19: To understand CD8+ T cell immunity against the highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, we analyzed the frequencies of N-recognizing circulating CD8+ T cells from COVID-19 convalescent donors (mild clinical presentations of the disease and not hospitalized, n = 75, F = 56, M = 19, age range 18–89 years old) and uninfected controls (n = 138, F = 74, M = 64, age 17–92 years old) (Fig. 1a, Supplementary Data 1).