NLRP3 and neoplasm: In the tumor microenvironment (TME), high extracellular ATP levels stymie tumor growth through P2X7 receptors, activating P2X7-NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles and exerting P2X7-mediated cytotoxicity on tumor and tumor vascular endothelial cells, which in turn stimulates anti-tumor immune responses (28).