Androgen, estrogen, and progesterone receptors are highly expressed in the human cornea36,37 and have been posited to play potential roles in dry eye disease and autoimmune conditions with ocular manifestations.38, 39, 40 In general, estrogens are known modulators of biomechanical properties of various tissues,41,42 and estradiol treatment of the eye has been associated with leading to increased corneal stiffness and moderate myopic shifts in animal models.43 This evidence concerns the gene PGR and Autoimmunity.