ICAM1 and colitis: ICAM1, a cell surface glycoprotein and adhesion receptor, is expressed at a low basic level in immune, endothelial, and epithelial cells, but upregulated in response to inflammatory stimulation, which promotes the recruitment and activation of white blood cells from circulation to inflammatory sites (Bui et al., 2020), playing an important role in the progress of diseases including tumors, hepatitis, colitis, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (Chen et al., 2013; Hoke et al., 2015; Zhu et al., 2015; West et al., 2017).