TNF and posterior cortical atrophy: Interestingly, when M. hyorhinis microbes were eliminated from PC3-M and C4–2B-M cells (PC3-MF and C4–2B-MF cells, Fig. 1B), TNF-α levels were attenuated, suggesting that chronic M. hyorhinis-exposure has a direct effect on TNF-α expression level of PCa cells (Fig. 1D).