MCP-1 and its receptor CCR2 are considered key mediators of kidney fibrosis, and their expression is increased in various CKD, such as adriamycin nephropathy, DN, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis.[49,50] MCP-1/CCR2 axis plays a vital role in DN, autoimmune kidney disease, and obstructive nephropathy. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and chronic kidney disease.