Several immune-related signaling pathways (including the MAPK signaling network, the mTOR-signaling pathway, and the P53-signaling system) were found to be associated with DHRS1 by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA, Fig. 2), which validated that DHRS1 may affect tumor progression through immune-related pathways in HCC. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma.