CD4 and infection: Such a process drives the body into a persistent pro-inflammatory state, and is responsible for increased susceptibility to infections, causing negative remodeling in leukocyte subpopulations (e.g., lymphocytes and neutrophils) (2) and occurring especially the loss of function in neutrophils (i.e., recognize and eliminate pathogens) and the change in the count of the major T-lymphocyte subpopulations (i.e., reduction of CD4+ and the elevation of CD8+, causing a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio) (3).