Of note, we observed a localized downregulation of certain complement factors (C1QB, CFD, and C7) and interferon response genes (IFI6 and ISG15) (Fig. 5a, Additional file 9: Table S9), in contrast to their enrichment in COVID-19 lungs compared to control lungs in our samples and in others analyzed in previous works [33, 36, 51] (Additional file 7: Table S7). Here, IFI6 is linked to COVID-19.