Anti-PD1/anti-PDL1 plus anti-angiogenic agents or anti-CTLA4 regimens are now the standard of care as first-line systemic therapy for unresectable HCC based on the survival benefit, compared with single-agent multi-kinase inhibitor (MKI) therapy, demonstrated by randomized controlled trials [22–24]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.