The results showed that compared with natural γδ T cells, Lv-PD1-γδ T cells were superior in terms of antitumor ability in vitro, including in liver cancer (HepG2), ovarian cancer (OVCAR8), gastric cancer (BGC-803), lung cancer (A549), and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). Here, PDCD1 is linked to breast cancer.