To identify transcriptional drivers of the two IBD-related modules, we performed a transcription factor (TF) enrichment analysis (‘Materials and methods’) and found that ZIC2, SMAD3, REL, FOSL1, and BATF are the top enriched TFs for the genes in HFD_M9 (Figure 4C), while the expression of genes in module HFD_M28 may be regulated by interferon regulatory factors (IRFs, IRF1, IRF2, IRF7, and IRF9) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription families (STAT, STAT2) (Figure 4D). This evidence concerns the gene IRF1 and inflammatory bowel disease.