MAPK9 and Glucose intolerance: While measurements of key insulin signaling intermediaries (AKT2, PI3K-p85α, mTOR, p44/42 MAPK, SAPK/JNK) do not indicate any changes in hepatic insulin receptor function in 3 month CBD-exposed male offspring, the decrease in hepatic Glut2 protein levels indicates that the liver may be one peripheral contributor to the glucose intolerance observed (Seyer et al. 2013, Thorens 2015).