TSC2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Using murine models of direct mTOR manipulation in the placental trophoblast cells (loss or gain of mTOR activity by deletion of mTOR or TSC2, a negative regulator of mTORC1, respectively), we demonstrated a role for placental mTORC1 signaling in modulating birth weight and adult offspring susceptibility to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (Akhaphong et al. 2021).