EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: First- and second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as erlotinib and afatinib, have been demonstrated to be effective for treating advanced NSCLC harboring exon 19 deletion or L858R EGFR mutations (60-80% objective response rate (RR) and 10-14 months progression-free survival (PFS)) in several prospective clinical trials (5–7).