NFKB1 and viral infectious disease: To elucidate how NSP9 regulated the antiviral immune response, we detected the activation of three major signaling pathways during virus infection, including the type I IFN pathway, the NF-κB, and the MAPK pathways, and discovered that NSP9 promoted the activation of the type I IFN pathway but had no effect on the activation of the other two pathways.