CTLA4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Nowadays, anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1), anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) mAbs are among the most used immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced HCC cases (Herbst et al., 2014).