Specifically, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway analysis showed that coronavirus disease-COVID-19, chemokine signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, influenza A and PD − L1 expression and PD − 1 checkpoint pathway in cancer were enriched (Fig. 5F) [33–35]. Here, IL17A is linked to cancer.